Turbulent Flow Around An Immersed Cylinder

We simulate the turbulent flow around a cylinder at Reynolds number = 3900 using the VMS-LES formulation. The channel domain is discretized using linear hexahedral finite elements, and the cylinder is represented by immersed surface. The no-slip condition is weakly imposed on the non-conforming boundary via the VMIB (Variational Multiscale Immersed Boundary) method. The Dirichlet boundary condition is accurately imposed even when the computational grid is not aligned with the object boundary.

Hexahedral elements
Non-conforming boundary
Vortical structures in the wake of the cylinder